CHAPTER FOUR -
THE ARRANGEMENT OF ELECTRONS IN ATOMS
("The Atom Part II")
Unit Essential Questions:
THE ARRANGEMENT OF ELECTRONS IN ATOMS
("The Atom Part II")
Unit Essential Questions:
- Are you able to list a minimum of five types of electromagnetic radiation and compare their wavelengths,
- frequencies, and energies?
- Can you write and label the equation that relates the speed, wavelength, and frequency of electromagnetic radiation?
- Are you able to solve the equations and for any variable?
- Are you able to make the connection between the Bohr Model of the Atom and line spectrum data?
- Can you explain, in detail, how atoms can be made to release light?
- Are you able to describe the conclusions from The Photoelectric Effect and Young's Diffraction (Double Slit) Experiment?
- Can you connect how advancements in the understanding of light advanced our understanding of the atom?
- Are you able to apply the dual-nature concepts of light and matter?
- Can you discuss the shortcomings of Rutherford's and Bohr's Models of the Atom?
- How do you apply principles of quantum theory to describe electrons?
- Are you able to compare and contrast energy levels, sublevels, and orbitals?
- Can you explain the Modern (Quantum) Model of the Atom utilizing terms from the unit?
- How do you draw orbital diagrams, electron configurations, and Lewis Dot Structures for each element?
- Do you know and can apply the three "rules" or principles that guide electron configuration.
- Are you able to identify an element from its electron configuration?
- How does the structure of the Periodic Table allow us to predict the chemical and physical properties of an element?
- How electron configuration is determined using the Periodic Table?
The next model of the atom (after Rutherford) resulted from
A GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF LIGHT . . .
In the 1920s a few experiments lead Scientists to question the traditional definitions/descriptions of matter and energy. Evidence (photoelectric effect and Young's double slit experiment) showed that LIGHT HAD A DUAL NATURE (could be considered to be BOTH a wave (energy) and a particle (matter)).
Light has a dual nature -
acts as BOTH a wave and a particle.
Photoelectric Effect demonstrated the particle "side" (photons ejected electrons from metal).
Young's Double Slit Experiment demonstrated the wave "side" (only waves can constructively and destructively interfere).
BOHR MODEL OF THE ATOM
How can atoms be made to release light? (Watch below!)
How did Bohr develop his model of the atom? (watch below!)
*Please skip the part of the video that addresses Rydberg ;1.45 - 2:40 min
Tutorial on electron excitation (and relaxation) - How atoms release light:
Tutorial on Quantum Model (by Mrs. Gearhart):
YouTube Video of Atomic Orbitals (nice visuals):
TUTORIAL ON ELECTRON CONFIGURATION:
(by Mrs. Gearhart)
If needed . . .
Tutorial on ORBITAL DIAGRAMS
WEBSITES on the QUANTUM MODEL:
How are orbitals calculated? www.chemguide.co.uk/atoms/properties/atomorbs.html
What do the orbitals look like? (3D Models)
Building of orbitals in an atom (Animation)
TEACHER NOTES, WORKSHEETS, DISCUSSION OUTLINES
"Outline" for Chapter - Includes visuals and website addresses used in class
Bohr Model _ InClass Assignment